Active voice
In most
English sentences with an action verb, the subject performs the action denoted
by the verb. These examples show that the subject is doing the verb's action.
Passive voice
One can
change the normal word order of many active sentences (those with a direct
object) so that the subject is no longer active, but is, instead, being acted
upon by the verb - or passive.
Formula of Active Voice and Passive
Voice
No
|
Tenses
|
Active Voice
|
Passive Voice
|
1
|
Present Simple Tense
|
S + V1 + O
|
S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by
+ O
|
Many people speak English
|
English is spoken by many people
|
||
2
|
Present Continuous Tense
|
S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing +
O
|
S + to be (am, are, is) + being +
V3 + by + O
|
Many people are speaking English
|
English is being spoken by many people
|
||
3
|
Present Perfect Tense
|
S + have/has + V3 + O
|
S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O
|
Many people have spoken English
|
English has been spoken by many
people
|
||
4
|
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O
|
S + have/has + been + being + V3 +
by + O
|
Many people have been speaking
English
|
English has been being spoken by
many people
|
||
5
|
Past Simple Tense
|
S + V2 + O
|
S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by +
O
|
Many people spoke English
|
English was spoken by many people
|
||
6
|
Past Continuous Tense
|
S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O
|
S + to be (was, were) + being + V3
+ by + O
|
Many people were speaking English
|
English was being spoken by many
people
|
||
7
|
Past Perfect Tense
|
S + had + V3 + O
|
S + had + been + V3 + by + O
|
Many people had spoken English
|
English had been spoken by many
people
|
||
8
|
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + had + been + V1-ing + O
|
S + had + been + being + V3 + by +
O
|
Many people had been
speaking English
|
English had been being spoken by
many people
|
||
9
|
Future Simple Tense
|
S + will not + V1 + O
|
S + will be + V3 + by + O
|
Many people will speak English
|
English will be spoken by many
people
|
||
10
|
Future Continuous Tense
|
S + will + be + V1-ing + O
|
S + will + be + being + V3 + by +
O
|
Many people will be speaking
English
|
English will be being spoken by
many people
|
||
11
|
Future Perfect Tense
|
S + will + have + V3 + O
|
S + will + have + been + V3 + by +
O
|
Many people will have spoken
English
|
English will have been spoken by
many people
|
||
12
|
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + will + have + been + V1-ing +
O
|
S + will + have + been + V1-ing +
O
|
Many people will have been
speaking English
|
English will have been being
spoken by Many people
|
||
13
|
Past Future Simple Tense
|
S + would + V1 + O
|
S + would + be + V3 + by + O
|
Many people would speak English
|
English would be spoken by many
people
|
||
14
|
Past Future Continuous Tense
|
S + would + be + V1-ing + O
|
S + would + be + being + V3 + by +
O
|
Many people would be speaking
English
|
English would be being spoken by many
people
|
||
15
|
Past Future Perfect Tense
|
S + would + have + V3 + O
|
S + would + have + been + V3 + by
+ O
|
Many people would have spoken
English
|
English would have been spoken by
many people
|
||
16
|
Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense
|
S + would + have + been + V1-ing +
O
|
S + would + have + been +being +
V3 + by + O
|
Many people would have been
speaking English
|
English would have been being
spoken by many people
|
Example of Active Voice and Passive voice
- Simple Present
Active: My
mother cleans the kitchen once a week. (Ibu saya membersihkan dapur seminggu sekali.)
Passive: The
kitchen is cleaned by mother once a week. (Dapur dibersihkan oleh ibu saya seminggu sekali.)
- Present Continuous
Active: Anita
is writing the letter right now. (Anita sedang menulis surat saat ini.)
Passive: The
letter is being written by Anita. (Surat tersebut sedang ditulis oleh Anita.)
- Simple Past
Active: My
father repaired the car, yesterday. (Ayah saya memperbaiki mobil, kemarin.)
Passive: The car was repaired by my father. (Mobil diperbaiki oleh ayah saya.)
- Past Continuous
Active: The
police was asking the customer when the thief came into the store. (Polisi sedang menanyai orang yang
sedang belanja ketika pencuri masuk ke toko tersebut.)
Passive: The
customer was being asked by the police when the thief came into the store. (Orang yang sedang belanja tersebut
sedang ditanyai oleh polisi ketika pencuri masuk ketoko tersebut.)
- Present Perfect
Active: Many tourists have visited that beach. (Banyak turis telah mengunjungi
pantai itu.)
Passive: That beach has been visited by many tourists. (Pantai tersebut telah dikunjungi
oleh banyak turis.)
- Present Perfect Continuous
Active: Recently, Dono has been doing the work. (Akhir-akhir ini, Dono telah sedang mengerjakan
tugasnya.)
Passive: Recently, the work has been being done by Dono. (Akhir-akhir
ini, pekerjaan tersebut telah sedang dikerjakan oleh Dono.)
- Past Perfect Continuous
Active: Chef Juna had been preparing the Warung Padang for three
years before he moved to Bandung. (Koki Juna telah sedang mempersiapkan Warung Padang selama
tiga tahun sebelum dia pindah ke Bandung.)
Passive: The Warung Padang had been being prepared by Chef Juna for
three years before he moved to Bandung. (Warung Padang telah sedang dipersiapkan oleh koki Juna
selama tiga tahun sebelum ia pindah ke Bandung.)
- Simple Future (will)
Active: Andrew will finish his work by 4:00 P.M (Andrew akan menyelesaikan
pekerjaannya pada pukul 4 sore.)
Passive: The work will be finished by Andrew at 4:00 P.M (Pekerjaan tersebut akan diselesaikan
oleh Andrew pada pukul 4 sore.)
- Simple Future (be going to)
Active: Budi is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. (Budi akan membuat sebuah makan malam
indah malam ini.)
Passive: A
beautiful dinner is going to be made by Budi tonight. (Sebuah makan malam indah akan dibuat
oleh Budi malam ini.)
- Future Continuous (will)
Active: At 7:00 PM tonight, my mother will be washing the dishes. (Tepat pada pukul 7 malam ini, ibu
akan sedang mencuci piring.)
Passive: At
7:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by my mother. (Tepat pada
pukul 7 malam ini, piring akan sedang di cuci oleh ibu.)
- Future Perfect (will)
Active: They will have completed the project before the deadline. (Mereka akan telah menyelesaikan proyek
tersebut sebelum akhir batas waktu.)
Passive: The
project will have been completed before the deadline. (Proyek akan telah diselesaikan
sebelum akhir batas waktu.)
- Future Perfect Continuous (will)
Active: I will have been translating Laskar Pelangi’s novel for over
2 months by the time it is finished. (Aku akan telah menterjemahkan novel Laskar Pelangi selama 2
bulan ketika itu diselesaikan.)
Passive: Laskar
Pelangi’s novel will have been being translating by me for over 2 months by the
time it is finished. (Novel
Laskar Pelangi akan telah diterjemahkan oleh saya selama dua bulan ketika itu
diselesaikan.)
- Future Perfect Continuous (Used to)
Active: Budiman used to pay the bills. (Budiman biasanya membayar
tagihan-tagihannya.)
Passive: The
bills used to be paid by Budiman. (Tagihan-tagihan biasanya dibayar oleh Budiman.)
- Future in the Past (Would)
Active: I knew he would finish the work by 6:00 PM. (Aku tahu bahwa dia akan
menyelesaikan pekerjaan tersebut pada pukul enam sore.)
Passive: I
knew the work would be finished by him at 6:00 PM. (Aku tahu pekerjaan tersebut akan
diselesaikan oleh dia pada pukul 6 sore.)
- Future in the Past (Was Going to)
Active: I thought Winda was going to make a candle light dinner
tonight. (Saya
pikir Winda akan membuat sebuah makan malam romantis malam ini.)
Passive: I
thought a candle light dinner was going to be made by Winda tonight. (Saya pikir sebuah makan malam
romantis akan dibuat oleh Winda malam ini.)
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